Table of Contents

Contributor List viii Preface ix 1 Oral Structures and Tissues 1 Arthur R. Hand and Marion E. Frank The oral cavity 1 Oral mucosa 3 Teeth 4 Supporting tissues of the teeth 5 Salivary glands 5 Temporomandibular joint 7 PART I DEVELOPMENT Chapter 2 Development of the Head, Face, and Mouth 13 Joseph A. Grasso Introduction 13 Early events establishing the head region 13 Development of the pharyngeal region and the pharyngeal arches 19 Development of the face and jaws 26 Clinical correlations 40 Chapter 3 Tooth Development 44 Martyn T. Cobourne and Paul T. Sharpe The histology of tooth development 44 The biology of early tooth development 47 The molecular control of early tooth development 51 Clinical correlations 54 PART II THE TEETH Chapter 4 Enamel 63 Arthur R. Hand Enamel structure, composition, and properties 63 Enamel formation 69 Clinical correlations 79 Chapter 5 Dentin, Pulp, and Tooth Pain 85 Michel Goldberg Evolution of dental structures 85 Dentin structure and composition 85 Dentin formation 90 Pulp structure and function 97 Pulp vascularization 100 Innervation of the dentin and pulp 102 Mechanisms of tooth pain 103 Clinical correlations 105 PART III TOOTH AND JAW SUPPORT Chapter 6 Structure and Physiology of the Periodontium 115 Arthur R. Hand Cementum structure, composition and formation 115 Periodontal ligament structure and function 122 Sensory functions of the periodontal ligament 128 Structure and function of alveolar bone 128 Clinical correlations 132 Chapter 7 Tooth Eruption and Shedding 136 Arthur R. Hand Normal eruption sequence 136 Histology of tooth eruption 138 Cellular and molecular mechanisms of tooth eruption 144 Structure and formation of the dentogingival junction 144 Clinical correlations 147 Chapter 8 Temporomandibular Joint 149 Felipe Porto Structure of the TMJ 149 TMJ histology 153 Function (biomechanics) of the TMJ 154 Clinical correlations 156 PART IV MUCOSAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Chapter 9 Oral Mucosa and Mucosal Sensation 165 Ellen Eisenberg, Easwar natarajan, and Bradley K. Formaker The oral cavity - anatomy 165 Oral mucosa 169 Stratified squamous epithelium general principles and differentiation 171 The epithelial-stromal interface 175 Non-keratinocytes 176 Types of oral mucosa 176 Oral sensation 179 Clinical correlations 182 Chapter 10 Chemoreception and Perception 191 Marion E. Frank Taste 191 Smell 205 Oral chemosensation 216 Clinical correlations 217 PART V ORAL EFFECTORS Chapter 11 Salivary Glands, Salivary Secretion, and Saliva 223 Arthur R. Hand Structure 223 Development 230 Major glands 231 Minor glands 232 Salivary secretion 233 Saliva composition and function 235 Diagnostic and forensic uses of saliva 238 Clinical correlations 238 Chapter 12 Orofacial Pain, Touch and Thermosensation, and Sensorimotor Functions 241 Barry J. Sessle Sensory functions 241 Sensorimotor functions and motor control 251 Clinical correlations 258 Chapter 13 Anatomy and Physiology of Speech Production 263 Janet Rovalino Phonation and vocal tract modulations 263 Articulation 267 Clinical correlations 269 Index 274

About the Author

Arthur R. Hand, DDS, is Professor of CraniofacialSciences and Cell Biology at the University of Connecticut HealthCenter. He has more than 180 peer-reviewed publications, was thefounding editor of Advances in Dental Research, and servesor has served on the editorial boards of The Journal of OralScience, Journal of Dental Research, Journal of Histochemistry andCytochemistry, Biotechnic & Histochemistry and ActaHistochemica et Cytochemica. Prior to his position in academia,he spent 21 years as a scientist in the intramural research programof the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Hehas directed a course for 1st year dental students onOral Histology and Physiology for more than 15 years. Marion E. Frank, PhD, is Professor of Oral Health andDiagnostic Sciences and Director of the Center for ChemosensorySciences at the University of Connecticut Health Center. Herbasic and clinical research in the chemical senses is reported inmore than 65 peer-reviewed publications and she has served on theeditorial boards of the Journal of General Physiology,Journal of Neurophysiolgy and Chemical Senses. Sheobtained her doctorate from Brown University and began her academiccareer at the Rockefeller University before joining the School ofDental Medicine to teach Oral Physiology and Neuroscience and leadthe research team of the NIH-sponsored Connecticut ChemosensoryClinical Research Center in Farmington.