Alexander Pushkin was born in Moscow in 1799. Leaving school in
1817, he spent three years in St Petersburg working in the Foreign
Office and writing erotic verse. His flirtations with
pre-Decembrist movements and his revolutionary verses lead to his
exile in 1820. After a stay in the Caucasus and Crimea he was sent
to Bessarabia, where he began to write more seriously, beginning
Eugene Onegin and Tsygany. In 1831 he retired to a family estate,
married, and his literary output slackened. He was mortally wounded
in a duel and died in January 1837.
Rosemary Edmonds was born in London and studied languages in
England, France and Italy. During the war she was translator to
General de Gaulle. Among her many translations for Penguin Classics
are Tolstoy's War and Peace, Anna Karenin and Resurrection and
Turgenev's Fathers and Sons. She died in 1998.
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