Table of Contents

I-Introduction 1. The Global Issues 2. The Local Issues II - Background 1. Geography 2. Geology 3. Soils 4. Water 5. Flora 6. Written History 7. First European Settlers on the Vredenburg Peninsula 8. VP Archaeology III - Methods 1. Survey 2. Analyses 3. Dating 4. Double-dated Sites 5. Ceramic Styles IV - The Surveyed Sites 1. Occupation Through Time 2. Site Location 3. Depth of Deposits 4. Density of Finds 5. Site Size 6. Summary V - Lithics 1. Typology Flakes, chunks and chips Cores Utilised pieces Formal tools 2. Raw Materials Quartz Silcrete, Granite Quartzite, Shales Cryptocrystalline silicates (CCS) Black igneous rock Calcrete Sandstone, Ironstone Glass Unidentified raw material 3. Grooved Stones 4. Ochre 5. Discussion and Conclusion VI - Marine Shell 1. The Marine Shells on the VP Sites 2. δ13C Isotopes and Palaeoclimates 3. The Geography of Visually Dominant Shell Species 4. Calcrete Hearths 5. Summary and Conclusion VII - Ceramics & Beads 1. Glazed Earthenware and Glass 2. Lugged Incised (LINC) 3. Lugged Undecorated (LUND) 4. Spouted Pots (SPINC & SPIMP) 5. Sites Without Local Thin Ware 6. Ostrich Eggshell Beads 7. Summary and Conclusion VIII - Conclusions IX - Bibliography Appendix