Table of Contents

Preface xiii

Abbrevation Glossary xvii

Chapter 1 General Points 1

1.1. Microwave photonic links 1

1.2. Link description 4

1.3. Signal to transmit 5

1.4. Limitations of microwave photonic links 7

1.5. The components and characteristics of microwave photonic links 13

Chapter 2 Generation and Modulation of Light 15

2.1. Laser 15

2.2. Electro-optic modulator: EOM 49

2.3. Electro-absorption modulator: EAM 75

Chapter 3 Optical Fibers and Amplifiers 93

3.1. Optical fibers 93

3.2. Optical amplifiers 118

3.3. Appendix: modal analysis of propagation in a fiber 122

Chapter 4 Photodetectors 137

4.1. Photodetector definition 137

4.2. Photodiodes 138

4.3. Phototransistors 163

4.4. Appendix 184

Chapter 5 Performance of Microwave Photonic Links 193

5.1. Microwave photonic links: diagrams and definitions 193

5.2. Optomicrowave S-parameters and gains of each photonic link component 201

5.3. Microwave photonic links optomicrowave S-parameters and gains 210

5.4. Comparison of different link gains 218

5.5. Direct modulation microwave photonic link optomicrowave noise figures 221

5.6. External modulation microwave photonic link optomicrowave noise figure 227

5.7. Comparisons of different link noise figures 232

5.8. Microwave photonic link nonlinearity: distortion phenomena 241

5.9. Microwave photonic link interference-free dynamic range 246

5.10. Appendix 250

Chapter 6 Complement to Microwave Photonic Link Performances 267

6.1. Microwave signal attenuation during double sideband modulation 267

6.2. Modulator structures for optical carrier or high and low sideband removal 273

6.3. Degradation of a microwave signal spectral purity by an optical link 280

Chapter 7 Electronic Amplifiers in Microwave Photonic Links 289

7.1. Electronic amplifiers in optical links 289

7.2. Amplifiers in the optical link emitter 289

7.3. Receiver: amplifiers at the photodetector output 293

7.4. Appendix: analog and microwave amplifiers 300

Chapter 8 Simulation and Measurement of Microwave Photonic Links 321

8.1. State of the art and context 321

8.2. Microwave optical link models 324

8.3. Nonlinearity effects in the link 337

8.4. Link noise modeling 340

8.5. Other types of modulation of signals transmitted on an optical fiber 348

8.6. Conclusion 361

8.7. Appendix 362

Bibliography 367

Index 393

About the Author

Christian Rumelhard, Catherine Algani and Anne-Laure Billabert, CNAM, France.