Table of Contents

List of Contributors ix

Preface xi

About the Companion Website xiii

Part I Introduction 1

1 The Cell: Structure and Function 3
Vehid Salih and Kamran Ali

Part II Nerve Muscle Physiology 9

2 Nerve Physiology 11
Elizabeth Prabhakar and Kamran Ali

3 Muscle Physiology 23
Elizabeth Prabhakar and Kamran Ali

Part III Cardiovascular System 35

4 Heart 37
Poorna Gunasekera, Kamran Ali, and Elizabeth Prabhakar

5 Circulation 47
Poorna Gunasekera and Kamran Ali

Part IV Respiratory System 57

6 Mechanics of Respiration 59
Feisal Subhan, Kamran Ali, and Elizabeth Prabhakar

7 Gas Exchange and Transport 67
Feisal Subhan, Kamran Ali, and Elizabeth Prabhakar

8 Control of Breathing 73
Feisal Subhan and Kamran Ali

Part V Gastrointestinal System (GIT) 79

9 GIT Movements 81
Kamran Ali

10 GIT Secretions 91
Kamran Ali

11 GIT Digestion and Absorption 101
Elizabeth Prabhakar and Kamran Ali

Part VI Hepato Renal System 109

12 Liver Physiology 111
Poorna Gunasekera and Kamran Ali

13 Renal Physiology 119
Poorna Gunasekera and Kamran Ali

Part VII Blood 129

14 Blood Plasma and Cells 131
Mahwish Raja and Kamran Ali

15 Immune System 139
Louise Belfield and Kamran Ali

16 Haemostasis 149
Kamran Ali

Part VIII Endocrinology 157

17 Endocrinology 159
Kamran Ali

18 Regulation of Blood Glucose 171]
Kamran Ali

19 Regulation of Blood Calcium 177
Kamran Ali

20 Reproductive Hormones and Pregnancy 183
Theresa Compton and Kamran Ali

Part IX Nervous System 189

21 Central Nervous System 191
Elizabeth Prabhakar and Kamran Ali

22 The Autonomic Nervous System 209
Elizabeth Prabhakar and Kamran Ali

23 Special Senses 217
Poorna Gunasekera and Kamran Ali

Index 229

About the Author

About the Editors

Kamran Ali, PhD, MMEd, BDS (Hons), FDSRCS (Eng), FCPS (Pak), FFDRCSI (Ire), FFDTEd, FDSRCPS (Glasg), PFHEA, is an Associate Professor and Consultant in Oral Surgery at the Peninsula Dental School University of Plymouth, UK.

Elizabeth Prabhakar, PhD, FHEA, CBiol, is a Senior Lecturer in Medical Sciences at the BARTS and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Malta and a former Lecturer in Physiology, Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, UK.