Introduction xvii
Assessment Test xxxi
Chapter 1 Enhanced Switched Technologies 1
VLAN Review 2
Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs 5
Configuring Trunk Ports 7
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) 11
VTP Modes of Operation 12
VTP Pruning 14
Configuring VTP 15
Troubleshooting VTP 16
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 20
Spanning-Tree Terms 21
Spanning-Tree Operations 25
Types of Spanning-tree Protocols 28
Common Spanning Tree 28
Per-VLAN Spanning Tree+ 29
Modifying and Verifying the Bridge ID 36
Spanning-Tree Failure Consequences 41
PortFast and BPDU Guard 43
BPDU Guard 45
EtherChannel 47
Configuring and Verifying Port Channels 48
Summary 52
Exam Essentials 53
Written Lab 1 53
Hands-on Labs 54
Hands-on Lab 1.1: Verifying STP and Finding Your Root Bridge 55
Hands-on Lab 1.2: Configuring and Verifying Your Root Bridge 56
Hands-on Lab 1.3: Configuring PortFast and BPDU Guard 58
Hands-on Lab 1.4: Configuring and Verifying EtherChannel 59
Review Questions 61
Chapter 2 Network Device Management and Security 67
Mitigating Threats at the Access Layer 68
External Authentication Options 71
RADIUS 71
TACACS+ 72
SNMP 73
Management Information Base (MIB) 74
Configuring SNMP 75
Client Redundancy Issues 77
Introducing First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRPs) 79
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) 80
Virtual MAC Address 82
HSRP Timers 83
Group Roles 85
Configuring and Verifying HSRP 87
Summary 93
Exam Essentials 93
Written Lab 2 94
Review Questions 95
Chapter 3 Enhanced IGRP 99
EIGRP Features and Operations 100
Neighbor Discovery 101
Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) 106
Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) 107
Route Discovery and Maintenance 107
Configuring EIGRP 108
VLSM Support and Summarization 111
Controlling EIGRP Traffic 114
Split Horizon 125
Verifying and Troubleshooting EIGRP 127
Troubleshooting Example with EIGRP 133
Simple Troubleshooting EIGRP for the CCNA 143
EIGRPv6 145
Summary 150
Exam Essentials 151
Written Lab 3 151
Hands-on Labs 152
Hands-on Lab 3.1: Configuring and Verifying EIGRP 152
Hands-on Lab 3.2: Configuring and Verifying EIGRPv6 153
Review Questions 155
Chapter 4 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 163
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Basics 164
OSPF Terminology 167
OSPF Operation 169
Configuring OSPF 171
Enabling OSPF 171
Configuring OSPF Areas 172
Configuring Our Network with OSPF 175
OSPF and Loopback Interfaces 180
Configuring Loopback Interfaces 181
Verifying OSPF Configuration 183
The show ip ospf Command 184
The show ip ospf database Command 185
The show ip ospf interface Command 186
The show ip ospf neighbor Command 187
The show ip protocols Command 188
Summary 189
Exam Essentials 189
Written Lab 4 190
Hands-on Labs 190
Hands-on Lab 4.1: Enabling the OSPF Process 191
Hands-on Lab 4.2: Configuring OSPF Interfaces 192
Hands-on Lab 4.3: Verifying OSPF Operation 193
Review Questions 194
Chapter 5 Multi-Area OSPF 201
OSPF Scalability 202
Categories of Multi-area Components 204
Adjacency Requirements 204
OSPF Router Roles 205
Link-State Advertisements 206
OSPF Hello Protocol 208
Neighbor States 209
Basic Multi-area Configuration 211
Verifying and Troubleshooting Multi-area OSPF Networks 214
The show ip ospf Command 215
The show ip ospf interface Command 216
The show ip protocols Command 219
The show ip route Command 219
The show ip ospf database Command 220
Troubleshooting OSPF Scenario 222
Simple Troubleshooting OSPF for the CCNA 230
OSPFv3 232
Verifying OSPFv3 234
Summary 237
Exam Essentials 237
Written Lab 5 238
Hands-on Labs 238
Hands-on Lab 5.1: Configuring and Verifying OSPF Multi-Area 239
Hands-on Lab 5.2: Configuring and Verifying OSPFv3 242
Review Questions 244
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting IP, IPv6, and VLANs 249
Troubleshooting IP Network Connectivity 250
Using IP SLA for Troubleshooting 261
Using SPAN for Troubleshooting 263
Configuring and Verifying Extended Access Lists 265
Troubleshooting IPv6 Network Connectivity 268
ICMPv6 268
Troubleshooting IPv6 Extended Access Lists 276
Troubleshooting VLAN Connectivity 280
VLAN Troubleshooting 280
Trunk Troubleshooting 285
Summary 292
Exam Essentials 293
Written Lab 6 293
Review Questions 295
Chapter 7 Wide Area Networks 299
Introduction to Wide Area Networks 300
WAN Topology Options 301
Defining WAN Terms 303
WAN Connection Bandwidth 304
WAN Connection Types 305
WAN Support 306
Cisco Intelligent WAN (IWAN) 309
Cabling the Serial Wide Area Network 312
Serial Transmission 312
Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment 313
High-Level Data-Link Control (HDLC) Protocol 314
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 316
Link Control Protocol (LCP) Configuration Options 317
PPP Session Establishment 318
PPP Authentication Methods 319
Configuring PPP on Cisco Routers 319
Configuring PPP Authentication 319
Verifying and Troubleshooting Serial Links 320
Multilink PPP (MLP) 325
PPP Client (PPPoE) 329
Configuring a PPPoE Client 330
Virtual Private Networks 331
Benefits of VPNs 332
Enterprise- and Provider-Managed VPNs 333
Introduction to Cisco IOS IPsec 335
IPsec Transforms 336
GRE Tunnels 337
GRE over IPsec 338
Configuring GRE Tunnels 339
Verifying GRP Tunnels 341
Single-Homed EBGP 343
Protocol Comparison and Overview 344
Configuring and Verifying EBGP 347
Verifying EBGP 349
Summary 352
Exam Essentials 352
Written Lab 7 353
Hands-on Labs 353
Hands-on Lab 7.1: Configuring PPP Encapsulation and Authentication
354
Hands-on Lab 7.2: Configuring and Monitoring HDLC 355
Hands-on Lab 7.3: Configuring a GRE Tunnel 356
Review Questions 359
Chapter 8 Evolution of Intelligent Networks 365
Switch Stacking 366
Cloud Computing and Its Effect on the Enterprise Network 368
Service Models 370
Overview of Network Programmability in Enterprise Network 371
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) 372
Southbound APIs 373
Northbound APIs 374
Cisco APIC-EM 375
Using APIC-EM for Path Tracing 377
Cisco Intelligent WAN 378
Quality of Service 380
Traffic Characteristics 380
Trust Boundary 382
QoS Mechanisms 383
Classification and Marking 383
Policing, Shaping, and Re-Marking 384
Tools for Managing Congestion 385
Tools for Congestion Avoidance 388
Summary 389
Exam Essentials 389
Written Lab 8 389
Review Questions 391
Appendix A Answers to Written Labs 395
Chapter 1: Enhanced Switched Technologies 396
Written Lab 1 396
Chapter 2: Network Device Management and Security 396
Written Lab 2 396
Chapter 3: Enhanced IGRP 397
Written Lab 3 397
Chapter 4: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 397
Written Lab 4 397
Chapter 5: Multi-Area OSPF 398
Written Lab 5 398
Chapter 6: Troubleshooting IP, IPv6, and VLANs 398
Written Lab 6 398
Chapter 7: Wide Area Networks 399
Written Lab 7 399
Chapter 8: Evolution of Intelligent Networks 399
Written Lab 8 399
Appendix B Answers to Review Questions 401
Chapter 1: Enhanced Switched Technologies 402
Chapter 2: Network Device Management and Security 404
Chapter 3: Enhanced IGRP 405
Chapter 4: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 407
Chapter 5: Multi-Area OSPF 409
Chapter 6: Troubleshooting IP, IPv6, and VLANs 410
Chapter 7: Wide Area Networks 411
Chapter 8: Evolution of Intelligent Networks 413
Index 415
Todd Lammle, Cisco certified in almost every category, is the authority on Cisco networking and certification. His three decades of real-world experience is prevalent in his writing. He is an experienced networking engineer with very practical experience working on the largest bounded and unbounded networks in the world at such companies as Xerox, Hughes Aircraft, Texaco, AAA, Cisco, and Toshiba, among many others. Todd has published over 60 books, including the very popular and bestselling CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide and Cisco Firepower NGIPS. Todd runs an international training company from Texas, and a large scale consulting business out of Colorado. You can reach Todd through his forum and blog at www.lammle.com/ccna.
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