UNDERSTANDING CHARACTERISTICS OF SALT-AFFECTED SITES
Basics of Salt-Affected Sites
Overview and Classification of Salt-Affected Sites
Causes
Scope of Salinity Problems
Successful Salinity Management Approach
Saline Soils
Overview Of Saline Soil
Problems
Total Soluble Salts (Total Salinity) Problems
Ion Toxicities and Problem Ions
Nutrients and Ion Imbalances
Managing Saline Soils
Sodic, Saline-Sodic, and Alkaline Soils
Sodic Soil Problems
Saline-Sodic Soils
Acid-Sulfate Soils
SITE ASSESSMENT BMPS FOR SALINE AND SODIC SOIL SITES
Salinity Soil Tests and Interpretation
Basics of Soil
Sampling and Testing
Salt-Affected Soil Test Packages
Field Monitoring of Soil Salinity
Routine Soil Test Methods
Soil Testing
SLAN Approach, Extractants, and Interpretation
BCSR Approach, CEC Measurement, and Interpretation
Water Extractable (SPE, Dilute) Nutrients/Ions
Understanding the Soil Test Report
Irrigation Water Quality Tests, Interpretation, and
Selection
Water Quality Testing
General Water Quality Characteristics
Total Soluble Salts (Total Salinity)
Sodium Permeability Hazard
Specific Ion Impact (Root Injury; Shoot Accumulation Injury)
Direct Foliage Injury And Miscellaneous Problems
Nutrients
Trace Elements
Irrigation Water Selection
Summary Table
Plant Analysis for Turfgrass
Theory and Practice of Plant Analyses
Sampling
Sample Preparation
Analysis of Sample
Interpretation and Recommendations of Test Results
Assessment for Salt Movement, Additions, and
Retention
Assessing Soil Physical Properties
Drainage Assessment for Drainage Impediments
Salinity Disposal Options
Restricting Salt Additions
Hydro-Geological Assessment for Protection of Surface and Ground
Waters
MANAGEMENT BMPS FOR SALINE AND SODIC SOILS SITES
Selection of Turfgrass and Landscape Plants
Plant
Genetic and Physiological Responses to Salinity
Turfgrass Salinity Tolerance
Salinity Tolerance Mechanisms
Landscape Plants and Salinity Tolerance
Irrigation System Design and Maintenance for Poor Water
Quality
Irrigation System Distribution Efficiency is Critical on
Salt-Affected Sites
System Design Considerations for Managing Poor Quality Water
Irrigation System Distribution Uniformity (Water Audit)
Sites With Poorly Designed Irrigation Systems
Irrigation Scheduling and Salinity Leaching
Routine Irrigation Scheduling - Basics
Factors Affecting Salinity Leaching
Maintenance Leaching and Leaching Requirement (LR)
Reclamation Leaching
Pulse Irrigation and Other Water Application Methods
Enhancing Effectiveness of Salt Leaching - Summary
Salinity Management During Establishment
Selection of Amendments
Overview of Remediation
Approaches in Sodic Situations
Calcium Sources
Acid Forming Materials + Lime Source
Organic Amendments for Sodic Soil Reclamation
Phytoremediation
Amendment Application Options and Guidelines
Amendment Application - Overview
Irrigation Water Acidification
Gypsum Requirement - Sodic Soils and Irrigation Water Injection
Irrigation Water Blending and Salt Loads
Cultivation, Topdressing, and Soil Modification
Soil
Physical Problems - Overview
Cultivation on Saline and Sodic Soils - Guidelines
Topdressing
Soil Modification
Drainage and Sand-Capping
Drainage and
Salinity
Surface Drainage
Subsurface Drainage
Sand-Capping Salt-Affected Sites
Nutritional Practices on Saline and Sodic
Sites
Nutrient/Ion Rich Irrigation Water - Challenges
Monitoring Nutritional Status: Proactive or Reactive
Saline Irrigation Water Nutritional Considerations
Products, Labels, and Recommendations
Summary
Additional Cultural Practices
Salinity and Associated Stresses on a Site
Environmental Challenges and Management
Traffic Stresses and Management
Additional Amendments for Salinity Management
Greens Management Considerations
Biotic Stress X Salinity Interactions
Proactive Monitoring of Progress
Assessing Progress in BMP Salinity Management
Practical Considerations for on-Going Monitoring Programs
Criteria for Proactive Monitoring
ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY
Sustainable/Environmental Management
Systems
Sustainable Environmental Management
Components of a Sustainable/EMS Plan on Salt-Affected Sites
Common Sense Approach to Long Term Sustainability
NON-TRADITIONAL USE OF TURFGRASSES ON SALT-AFFECTED SITES
Reclamation, Drainage Water Reuse Schemes, and Halophytic Forage
Sites
Non-Traditional Uses of Halophytic
Turfgrasses
Reclamation and Site Assessment
Grass Selection Issues
Establishment Challenges and Methods
Management Challenges and Considerations
References
Index
"This book is the latest from Drs. Carrow and
Duncan, who have published and lectured extensively on soil
salinity and sodicity issues and the management of such soils over
the past 15 years or so. ... provides a comprehensive coverage of
the nominated topic with twenty chapters organized sequentially
under five section headings. ... Throughout the book, the authors
are to be commended for highlighting links to related chapters and
parts thereof. ... For both consultants and academics, there is
much to like about this book. ... this is a book that many soil
scientists and agronomists dealing with salt-affected sites the
world over will find extremely useful, and one that we can
wholeheartedly recommend for their
bookshelves."
-D. S. Loch, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, and R. J. Loch, Landloch Pty Ltd,
Toowoomba, Australia, in Grass and Forage Science, 68,
606-607, 2013
"Drs. Carrow and Duncan have created an update to their
previous book published in 1998 entitled Salt-Affected Turfgrass
Sites. That book has been a staple for those studying plant and
soil sciences relating to turfgrass management ... This new book
includes greatly expanded sections on the basics of salt-affected
sites, soil and water testing, soil chemistry and physical
properties, plant responses, site management and reclamation. ...
What could be a very densely written book packed with jargon is a
reference that is a good combination of technical information and
practical application. This makes the text usable by scientists in
turfgrass management and practitioners in the
field."
-Paul G. Johnson, Vadose Zone
Journal, November 2012
"Using the 'best management practices' (BMP5)
concept, their new book examines the complex issues around salinity
management. presenting comprehensive scientific principles and
detailing practical management and assessment recommendations for
turfgrass and landscape sites. Their overriding message is that
there is no 'silver bullet' amendment, treatment, or grass tor
salinity management and that only a holistic BMPs approach will be
successful and sustainable."
- AUSTRALIAN
TURFGRASS, December 2011
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