Table of Contents

Introduction
Heat Pumps
Heat-Driven Heat Pumps
Description of Current Absorption Products
Outlook for Absorption Technology
Absorption Cycle Fundamentals
Carnot Cycles
Absorption Heat Pump, Type I
Absorption Heat Transformer, Type II
Absorption Heat Pump as Combination of Rankine Cycles
Reversible Analysis with Variable Temperatures
Irreversibilities in Absorption Cycle Processes
Zero-Order Absorption Cycle Model
Absorption Cycle Design Optimization
Properties of Working Fluids
Analytic Treatment of Thermodynamic Properties
Graphical Perspective on Thermodynamic Properties of Absorption Working Fluids
Thermodynamic Processes with Mixtures
Mixing of Fluids and the Heat of Mixing
Specific Heat of Mixtures
Desorption
Absorption
Condensation and Evaporation
Compression
Pumping
Throttling
Ammonia Purification
Heat Exchangers
WATER/LITHIUM BROMIDE SYSTEMS
Overview of Water/Lithium Bromide Technology
Fundamentals and Operation
Crystallization and Absorber Cooling Requirements
Corrosion and Materials Compatibility
Vacuum Requirements
Octyl Alcohol
Normal Maintenance and Expected Life
Controls
Single-Effect Water/Lithium Bromide Technology
Single-Effect Water/Lithium Bromide Chiller Operating Conditions
Single-Effect with Heat Transfer Models
Single-Effect Water/Lithium Bromide Heat Transformer (Type II Heat Pump)
Discussion of Available Single-Effect Systems
Double-Effect Water/Lithium Bromide Technology
Double-Effect Water/Lithium Bromide Cycles
Solution Circuit Plumbing Options
Operating Conditions of Double-Effect Machines
Systems on the Market
Advanced Water/Lithium Bromide Cycles
Half-Effect Cycle
Triple-Effect Cycle
Resorption Cycle
Additional Water/Lithium Bromide Technology
AMMONIA/WATER SYSTEMS
Single-Stage Ammonia/Water Systems
General Considerations
Performance Calculations
Examples of Ammonia/Water Absorption Systems in Operations
Two-Stage Ammonia/Water Systems
Double-Effect Ammonia/Water Systems
Double-Lift Ammonia/Water Systems
Two-Stage Triple-Effect Ammonia/Water System
Generator/Absorber Heat Exchange (GAX) Cycles
Concept, Configurations and Design Considerations
Branched GAX Systems
GAX Cycle Hardware
Diffusion Absorption Cycle
Introduction
Cycle Physics
Choice of the Auxiliary Gas
Total Pressure of the System
Cycle Performance
APPENDICES
Properties of LiBr/H2O
Properties of NH3/H2O
Absorption Cycle Modeling
Concentration Measurements by Titration
Introduction to Engineering Equation Solver
Overview of the ABSIM Software Package
References
Index