Taking a cutting-edge approach to assembly language programming, this book addresses the growing trend of computer applications designed for embedded systems. Designed as a textbook for students in computer science and computer engineering, it integrates general programming concepts and AVR-specific details. The text covers traditional assembly language concepts, including data and instruction representation, sequence and branching, function calls, arithmetic and logical instructions, interrupts, and I/O. The author introduces C programming for the AVR microcontroller and includes programming exercises at the end of every chapter.

Table of Contents

Introduction Computer Systems Basic Processor Architecture Components of a Computer System Classification of Processors Numeration Systems Boolean Data Exercises The Atmel AVR Microcontroller Family The AVR Core Machine Language for the AVR Microcontroller AVR Studio AVR Development Platforms Introduction to AVR Assembly Language Sample AVR Assembly Language Program Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Assembly Language Directives Expressions Data Definition Directives Instructions The Toggler Program: Sample I/O Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Integer Data Representation Unsigned Integer Data Character Data Signed Integer Data Binary Coded Decimal Data Values in Programs Assignment Statements Branch Instructions Exercises Programming Exercises AVR Core: Startup, Reset, and Memories AVR Reset Signal Basic System Organization Program Memory Data Space EEPROM Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit The Stack and Function Calls Stack Functions Arguments, Parameters, and Return Values Local Storage Auxiliary Data Stack (Software Stack) Call By Reference Example Exercises Programming Exercises Serial Communications Using the Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Serial Receiver and Transmitter RS-232 Serial Communication Basics AVR USART Configuration AVR USART Transmit and Receive Serial Transmission Errors Polled I/O Seri al Communications Example Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Logical Operations Bitwise Logical Operations Uses of Logical Instructions Shift and Rotate Special Bitwise Operations AV R Timer/Counter Timer/Counter Example: LED Blinker Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Control Structures Altering the Flow of Control Jump and Conditional Branch Instructions Selection Looping Pseudocode Development: A Checksum Program Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Interrupts Interrupt Processing General External Interrupts Interrupt -Controlled Up/Down Counter Timer Counter Interrupts Interrupt-Based Switch Bounce Elimination USART Interrupts Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Arithmetic Operations Addition and Subtraction AVR Addition and Subtraction BCD Addition and Subtraction Binary/BCD Conversion Multiplication and Division Numeric I/O and Type Conversions Sieve of Eratosthenes Exercises Programming Exercises Alternate Programs for the XPLAIN Demonstration Kit Arrays Declaring and Using Arrays Multidimensional Arrays Strings Storage Allocation Dynamic Memory Allocation Structures A Better Heap Exercises Programming Exercises Real Numbers IEEE Floating Point Representation Addition and Subtraction of IEEE Floating Point Numbers Multiplication and Division of Floating Point Numbers Fixed Point Arithmetic Summary Exercises Programming Exercises Programming the AVR in C Object Files and Linkers Anatomy of a C Program Fundamentals of C Programming Assembly Language and C Exercises Programming Exercises Appendix: Getting Started with the XPLAIN Evaluation Kit Index

About the Author

Timothy S. Margush, Ph.D., was an associate professor of computer science at the University of Akron. For over 30 years, he taught courses in mathematics and computer science, including many on assembly language programming using a variety of hardware platforms.