Table of Contents

ESSENTIALS OF LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENTCHAPTER 1: IntroductionTHE LIFE-SPAN PERSPECTIVEThe Importance of Studying Life-Span DevelopmentCharacteristics of the Life-Span PerspectiveContemporary Concerns in Life-Span DevelopmentTHE NATURE OF DEVELOPMENTBiological, Cognitive, and Socioemotional ProcessesPeriods of DevelopmentConceptions of AgeDevelopmental IssuesTHEORIES OF DEVELOPMENTPsychoanalytic TheoriesCognitive TheoriesBehavioral and Social Cognitive TheoriesEthological TheoryEcological TheoryAn Eclectic OrientationRESEARCH IN LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENTMethods for Collecting DataResearch DesignsTime Span of ResearchConducting Ethical ResearchCHAPTER 2: Biological BeginningsTHE EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVENatural Selection and Adaptive BehaviorEvolutionary PsychologyGENETIC FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPMENTThe Genetic ProcessGenetic PrinciplesChromosome- and Gene-Linked AbnormalitiesTHE INTERACTION OF HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT: THE NATURE-NURTURE DEBATEBehavior GeneticsHeredity-Environment CorrelationsThe Epigenetic View and Gene X Environment (G X E) InteractionConclusions about Heredity-Environment InteractionPRENATAL DEVELOPMENTThe Course of Prenatal DevelopmentPrenatal TestsInfertility and Reproductive TechnologyHazards to Prenatal DevelopmentPrenatal CareBIRTH AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIODThe Birth ProcessThe Transition from Fetus to NewbornLow Birth Weight and Preterm InfantsBonding The Postpartum PeriodCHAPTER 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in InfancyPHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY Patterns of Growth Height and Weight The Brain Sleep NutritionMOTOR DEVELOPMENT Dynamic Systems Theory Reflexes Gross Motor Skills Fine Motor SkillsSENSORY AND PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT Exploring Sensory and Perceptual Development Visual Perception Other Senses Intermodal PerceptionNature, Nuture, and Perceptual DevelopmentPerceptual Motor CouplingCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTPiaget’s TheoryLearning, Remembering, and ConceptualizingLANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTDefining LanguageHow Language DevelopsBiological and Environmental InfluencesCHAPTER 4: Socioemotional Development in InfancyEMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Emotional DevelopmentTemperamentPersonality DevelopmentSOCIAL ORIENTATION AND ATTACHMENTSocial Orientation and UnderstandingAttachmentSOCIAL CONTEXTS The FamilyChild CareCHAPTER 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early ChildhoodPHYSICAL CHANGES Body Growth and ChangeThe BrainMotor DevelopmentNutrition and ExerciseIllness and DeathCOGNITIVE CHANGESPiaget’s Preoperational StageVygotsky’s TheoryInformation ProcessingLANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTUnderstanding Phonology and MorphologyChanges in Syntax and SemanticsAdvances in PragmaticsYoung Children's LiteracyEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONVariations in Early Childhood EducationEducation for Children Who Are DisadvantagedControversies in Early Childhood Education CHAPTER 6: Socioemotional Development in Early ChildhoodEMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENTThe SelfEmotional DevelopmentMoral DevelopmentGenderFAMILIESParenting Child MaltreatmentSibling Relationships and Birth OrderThe Changing Family in a Changing SocietyPEER RELATIONS, PLAY, AND MEDIA/SCREEN TIMEPeer Relations PlayMedia and Screen TimeCHAPTER 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late ChildhoodPHYSICAL CHANGES AND HEALTH Body Growth and ChangeThe Brain Motor DevelopmentExerciseHealth, Illness, and DiseaseCHILDREN WITH DISABILITIESThe Scope of DisabilitiesEducational IssuesCOGNITIVE CHANGESPiaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory Information ProcessingIntelligence LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTVocabulary, Grammar, and Metalinguistic Awareness ReadingBilingualism and Second Language LearningCHAPTER 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late ChildhoodEMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT The Self Emotional Development Moral DevelopmentGenderFAMILIES Developmental Changes in Parent-Child RelationshipsParents as ManagersAttachment StepfamiliesPEERSDevelopmental Changes Peer StatusSocial CognitionBullyingFriendsSCHOOLSContemporary Approaches to Student Learning Socioeconomic Status and EthnicityCHAPTER 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in AdolescenceTHE NATURE OF ADOLESCENCEPHYSICAL CHANGESPuberty The Brain Adolescent SexualityADOLESCENT HEALTHNutrition and ExerciseSleep PatternsLeading Causes of Death in AdolescentsSubstance Use and AbuseEating DisordersADOLESCENT COGNITION Piaget’s Theory Adolescent EgocentrismInformation ProcessingSCHOOLSThe Transition to Middle or Junior High School Effective Schools for Young AdolescentsHigh SchoolService LearningCHAPTER 10: Socioemotional Development in AdolescenceIDENTITYWhat is Identity?Erickson's ViewDevelopmental ChangesEthnic IdentityFAMILIESParental Management and Monitoring Autonomy and Attachment Parent-Adolescent ConflictPEERS Friendships Peer GroupsDating and Romantic RelationshipsCULTURE AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENTCross-Cultural Comparisons EthnicityThe MediaADOLESCENT PROBLEMS Juvenile Delinquency Depression and Suicide The Interrelation of Problems and Successful Prevention/Intervention ProgramsCHAPTER 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early AdulthoodTHE TRANSITION FROM ADOLESCENCE TO ADULTHOODBecoming an AdultThe Transition from High School to CollegePHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Physical Performance and DevelopmentHealthSEXUALITYSexual Activity in Emerging AdulthoodSexual Orientation and BehaviorSexually Transmitted InfectionsForcible Sexual Behavior and Sexual HarassmentCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTCognitive StagesCreativityCAREERS AND WORKCareersWorkCHAPTER 12: Socioemotional Development in Early AdulthoodSTABILITY AND CHANGE FROM CHILDHOOD TO ADULTHOODLOVE AND CLOSE RELATIONSHIPSIntimacyFriendshipRomantic and Affectionate LoveConsummate LoveADULT LIFE STYLESSingle AdultsCohabiting AdultsMarried AdultsDivorced AdultsRemarried AdultsGay and Lesbian AdultsCHALLENGES IN MARRIAGE, PARENTING, AND DIVORCEMaking Marriage WorkBecoming a ParentDealing with Divorce GENDER, COMMUNICATION, AND RELATIONSHIPSCHAPTER 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle AdulthoodTHE NATURE OF MIDDLE ADULTHOODChanging MidlifeDefining Middle AdulthoodPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTPhysical Changes Health and DiseaseMortality RatesSexualityCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Intelligence Information ProcessingCAREERS, WORK, AND LEISURE Work in Midlife Career Challenges and ChangesLeisureRELIGION AND MEANING IN LIFE Religion and Adult Lives Religion and Health Meaning in Life CHAPTER 14: Socioemotional Development in Middle AdulthoodPERSONALITY THEORIES AND DEVELOPMENTAdult STages TheoriesThe Life-Events ApproachStress and Personal Control in MidlifeContexts of Midlife DevelopmentSTABILITY AND CHANGE Longitudinal Studies Conclusions CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS Love and Marriage at Midlife The Empty Nest and Its RefillingSibling Relationships and FriendshipsGrandparentingIntergenerational RelationshipsCHAPTER 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late AdulthoodLONGEVITY, BIOLOGICAL AGING, AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTLongevity Biological Theories of AgingThe Aging BrainPhysical DevelopmentSexualityHEALTHHealth ProblemsExercise, Nutrition, and WeightHealth Treatment COGNITIVE FUNCTIONINGMultidimensionality and MultidirectionalityUse It or Lose ItTraining Cognitive SkillsCognitive Neuroscience and AgingWORK AND RETIREMENTWorkAdjustment to RetirementMENTAL HEALTH Depression Dementia, Alzheimer Disease, and Parkinson DiseaseCHAPTER 16: Socioemotional Development in Late AdulthoodTHEORIES OF SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENTErikson’s TheoryActivity TheorySocioemotional Selectivity TheorySelective Optimization with Compensation TheoryPERSONALITY AND SOCIETYPersonalityOlder Adults in SocietyFAMILIES AND SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPSLife Style DiversityOlder Adult Parents and Their Adult ChildrenFriendshipSocial Support and Social Integration Altruism and VolunteerismETHNICITY, GENDER, AND CULTUREEthnicity GenderCultureSUCCESSFUL AGINGChapter 17: Death, Dying, and GrievingDEFINING DEATH AND LIFE/DEATH ISSUESDetermining DeathDecisions Regarding Life, Death, andHealth CareDEATH AND SOCIOHISTORICAL, CULTURAL CONTEXTSChanging Historical CircumstancesDeath in Different CulturesFACING ONE’S OWN DEATHKubler-Ross’ Stages of DyingPerceived Control and DenialCOPING WITH THE DEATH OF SOMEONE ELSECommunicating with a Dying PersonGrievingMaking Sense of the WorldLosing a Life PartnerForms of Mourning

About the Author

John W. Santrock received his Ph.D. from the College of Education and Human Development at the University of Minnesota. He has taught at the University of Charleston, the University of Georgia, and the University of Texas at Dallas. He has worked as a school psychologist and currently teaches educational psychology at the undergraduate level. In 2006, Dr. Santrock received the University of Texas at Dallas Excellence in Teaching Award. His research has included publications in the Journal of Educational Psychology on the contextual aspects of affectively toned cognition and children's self-regulatory behavior as well as teachers' perceptions of children from divorced families. He has been on the editorial boards of Developmental Psychology and Child Development. His publications include these exceptional McGraw-Hill texts: Child Development, 13th Edition; Life-Span Development, 14th Edition; Adolescence, 14th Edition; Psychology, 7th Edition; and Educational Psychology, 4th Edition.